AZTUProgrammes

Subject · Mining engineering

The basics of surveyingTopics

İF-36114y5 creditsSpring semesterMandatory2025-2026

Topic plan

The subject's topics and the learning outcomes attached to each one.

15 topics

  1. 1. Introduction. markshader measurements and shots.

    Lecture

    The subject of the subject, the role of surveying science in the mining industry. general information on surveying and the main engineering issues that are solved in mountain drilling on a marker plan.

  2. 2. Markshader service and its role in careers.

    Lecture

    The purpose of marker work during open pit mining. grounding of the geometric condition of mineral deposits and surveyor control at the stages of field exploitation.

  3. 3. Description of the geometric parameters of the beds.

    Lecture

    Contouring of the bed, determination of the volume and thickness of the ore mass. graphical and analytical reporting of mineral quantities by isochets (isopaxite).

  4. 4. Preparation and opening of beds for operation.

    Lecture

    Determining the location and volume of opening drillings. placement of trenches and frost pipes. the role of the surveyor in directing the drilling and blasting works.

  5. 5. Location of rocks and protective units.

    Lecture

    The process of displacement (deformation) of rocks due to mining. design of protective structures (safety columns) for the protection of above-ground and underground facilities.

  6. 6. Markshader shots in vertical barrels.

    Lecture

    Transferring coordinates from the surface to underground areas (vertical connecting shots). altitude transfer through long tape and construction of underground plan network.

  7. 7. Construction of support and shooting nets.

    Lecture

    Selection and measurement of permanent support points in the mining area. mathematical processing of field observations and shooting results.

  8. 8. Direction in mining.

    Lecture

    Orientation in horizontal and inclined drilling. calculation of intersection points of drills and marker work during counter drilling.

  9. 9. Design and orientation of blast wells.

    Lecture

    Orientation of deep wells, boring and breaking wells. markshader control measurements in underground drilling-blasting works.

  10. 10. Operational planning of mining works.

    Lecture

    Development of current plans of mining works. application of vertical and horizontal cuts and provision of a marker shader in the processing of ash deposits by the open-pit method.

  11. 11. Markshader works in the operational phase.

    Lecture

    Continuous marker shader provision during the stage of bed preparation and operation. markshader control of the amount of production and technological mode.

  12. 12. Reclamation of disturbed lands.

    Lecture

    Markshader works during the restoration (recultivation) of disturbed land areas in the mining industry. control of landscape reshaping.

  13. 13. Mathematical processing of mining measurements (cameral works).

    Lecture

    Processing of outdoor measurements using computer programs. automated drawing of plans and sections.

  14. 14. Modern technologies: GPS and laser scanners.

    Lecture

    The use of GNSS (gps) and terrestrial laser scanners (tls) in the mining industry. 3d modeling of mine sites.

  15. 15. Conclusion: safety and documentation in the mining industry.

    Lecture

    Registration of mining survey documents (journals, plans). direct impact of markshader service on production safety.