Texniki xarici dil (ingilis)Topics

Introduction to materials science, study of fundamental relationships between macro and micro structure, properties, processing technologies and operational performance of materials.

Characterization of traditional and modern research methods (optical metallography, x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy) used to study the internal structure of metals.

Internal lattice structure of metals, rules of space arrangement of atoms, basic crystal systems (bcc, fcc, hcp), packing density and coordination numbers.

The phenomenon of transition of metals (for example, iron, titanium) from one crystal modification to another (allotropy) in the solid state due to changes in temperature and pressure.

Mechanisms of formation and growth of crystallization centers (embryos) during transition from liquid phase to solid phase, thermodynamic phase transformations in multicomponent systems.

An overview of the main physical (electrical and thermal conductivity, magnetic properties), chemical and technological properties of metals and the effect of metal bonding on these properties.

The concept of hardness, the resistance of the material to the penetration of an external hard body and the methodology of measuring hardness by brinell, rockwell, vickers methods.

Mechanisms of degradation of materials under operational conditions: fatigue from cyclic loading, creep (creep) at high temperatures, brittle fracture and corrosion processes under the influence of the environment.

Strengthening mechanisms based on dislocation theory: grain size reduction (hall-patch equation), solid solution alloying, dispersion and wire (plastic deformation) hardening.

Construction of state diagrams showing phase equilibria depending on temperature and concentration in multicomponent systems, application of gibbs phase rule and lever rule.

Detailed analysis of the fe-c (iron-cementite) system, which is a basic diagram of materials science, critical temperatures ($a_1, a_3, a_{cm}$) and phases formed in the system (ferrite, austenite, pearlite, ledeburite).

Classification of steels according to the percentage of carbon content (low, medium and high carbon), their microstructure, main mechanical properties and specific areas of application in industry.

General characteristics of iron-carbon alloy cast irons, the physico-chemical state of the carbon in it (in the form of free graphite or cementite) and the explanation of the structural forms of white cast irons.

Thermodynamics of the graphitization process in cast iron; microstructural characteristics of gray, high-strength and malleable cast iron, modification and marking of graphite forms.