Fövqəladə hallar və ətraf mühitSyllabus

Subject code

İFS-4568y

Credits

5

Student workload

150

Semester

Autumn semester

Academic year

20225-2026

Subject type

Elective

Form of education

Full-time

Language of instruction

Azerbaijani

In-class hours

a) mühazirə 45; b) seminar - 30.

Out-of-class hours

a) MRTSi - 30; b) TSi -45.

Fövqəladə hallar ətraf mühitə ciddi ziyan vura bilər. yanğın, sel, zəlzələ və kimyəvi qəzalar torpağı, suyu və havanı çirkləndirir. bu hadisələr canlıların həyatına və ekosistemə mənfi təsir göstərir. ətraf mühitin qorunması üçün təhlükəsizlik tədbirlərinin görülməsi vacibdir. vaxtında müdaxilə və bərpa işləri ziyanın azalmasına kömək edir.

• lecture
• seminar
• problem-based learning
• interactive discussion
• case study
• teamwork
• presentations

1. 1

   CLO 1: Explains the types of emergencies, their causes, their effects on the environment and society, prepares written and oral presentations using professional terminology.

2. 2

   CLO 2: Analyzes and evaluates the impact of natural, man-made and environmental emergencies on environmental components (air, water, soil, flora and fauna) using scientific methods.

3. 3

   CLO 3: Determines environmental risks during emergencies, analyzes monitoring results and processes data using modern information and communication technologies.

4. 4

   CLO 4: It implements preventive and organizational measures for the prevention of emergencies, risk reduction and environmental protection, and prepares an action plan based on relevant regulatory requirements.

5. 5

   CLO 5: During emergencies, it organizes the protection of the population and the environment, evacuation, the application of individual and collective protective measures, rescue and recovery measures.

6. 6

   CLO 6: It predicts the environmental consequences of emergency situations, conducts damage assessment, and offers ecological solutions in accordance with the principles of ecosystem restoration and sustainable development.

1. 1.
   Lecture 1. fundamentals of emergency situations and environmental protection - causes and mechanisms of occurrence of natural disastersLecture

   In this topic, the essence, classification, causes and development mechanisms of emergency situations are studied. the effects of natural, man-made and biological emergencies on the environment and human activity, and the regularities of their occurrence are explained.

   • • explains the nature and classification of emergencies. • determines the causes of emergencies. • differentiates different types of emergency mechanisms. • analyzes the impact of emergencies on the environment.
2. 2.
   Lecture 2. basics of emergency situations and environmental protection - methods of environmental quality assessment in emergency situationsLecture

   In this topic, methods of assessing the state of the environment during emergency situations, environmental monitoring, indicators and evaluation criteria are studied. the role of environmental damage determination and monitoring results in decision-making is explained.

   • • explains methods of environmental quality assessment. • defines environmental monitoring indicators. • analyzes assessment results. • evaluates the applicability of monitoring data.
3. 3.
   Cognition. forms and methods of scientific cognitionLecture

   In this topic, the essence of cognition, its stages and the main methods of scientific cognition are studied. empirical and theoretical forms of cognition are explained. the principles of application of scientific research methods are mastered.

   • • differentiate between chemical, physical and biological pollutants. • identifies sources of pollutants. • assesses the impact of pollutants on ecosystems. • analyzes pollution prevention measures.
4. 4.
   Lecture 4. natural disasters and ecosystems - long-term effects of natural disasters on ecosystemsLecture

   In this topic, long-term changes caused by natural disasters in ecosystems, effects on biodiversity, soil and water resources are studied. the measures implemented in the direction of restoring and increasing the stability of ecosystems are explained.

   • • explains the impact of natural disasters on ecosystems. • identifies long-term environmental changes. • assesses impacts on biodiversity. • analyzes ecosystem restoration measures.
5. 5.
   Lecture 5. natural disasters and ecosystems - the effect of forest fires on ecosystems. description of the topicLecture

   In this topic, the causes of forest fires, their spreading characteristics and their impact on forest ecosystems are studied. the effects of fires on biodiversity, land cover and the atmosphere, as well as ecosystem restoration measures, are explained.

   • • determines the environmental consequences of natural disasters. • compares different types of disasters. • assesses environmental risks. • proposes measures for the protection of ecosystems.
6. 6.
   Lecture 6. biological hazards and the environment - the impact of epidemics and pandemics on the environmentLecture

   In this topic, the causes of epidemics and pandemics, the characteristics of their spread and their interaction with the environment are studied. the effects of biological hazards on ecosystems, natural resources and human health, as well as preventive and protective measures are explained.

   • • explains the causes of epidemics and pandemics. • determines the impact of biological hazards on the environment. • evaluates environmental factors that influence the spread of infectious diseases. • analyzes biological risk mitigation measures.
7. 7.
   Lecture 8. geological hazards and ecological effects - effects of volcanic eruptions on the atmosphere, soil and water resourcesLecture

   In this topic, the impact of volcanic eruptions on the atmosphere, soil cover and water resources is studied. volcanic pollution, changes in ecosystems and ways to reduce their ecological consequences are explained.

   • • explains the characteristics of volcanic eruptions. • determines the impact of volcanic activity on the atmosphere and water resources. • evaluates changes in soil ecosystems. • analyzes ecological risks of volcanic origin.
8. 8.
   Lecture 7. geological hazards and environmental impacts - impact of earthquakes on nature and infrastructure systemsLecture

   In this topic, the mechanism of earthquakes, their impact on the natural environment and engineering infrastructure is studied. environmental, social and economic consequences of earthquakes, principles of risk reduction and management in terms of sustainable development are explained.

   • • explains the mechanism of earthquakes. • determines the impact of earthquakes on the natural environment. • assesses impacts on infrastructure systems. • analyzes earthquake risk reduction measures.
9. 9.
   Lecture 9. hydrological hazards and protection - effects of flood flows on ecosystemsLecture

   In this topic, the causes of floods, their hydrological characteristics and their impact on ecosystems are studied. the impact of flood events on land cover, water bodies and biodiversity, as well as the measures taken to reduce their consequences, are explained.

   • • explains the causes of flood flows. • determines the impact of flood events on ecosystems. • assesses environmental problems caused by floods. • analyzes the effectiveness of protection measures.
10. 10.
    Lecture 10. geodynamic and meteorological hazards - impact of landslides on ecosystems and environmental safety measuresLecture

    In this topic, the causes of landslides, their impact on ecosystems and economic activity are studied. measures applied in the direction of preventing landslides, ensuring environmental safety and risk management are explained.

    • • explains the causes of landslides. • determines the impact of landslides on ecosystems. • evaluates environmental safety measures. • analyzes risk management approaches.
11. 11.
    Lecture 11. geodynamic and meteorological hazards - environmental consequences of hurricanes, storms, tornadoes and protective measuresLecture

    In this topic, the causes of hurricanes, storms and tornadoes, their impact on ecosystems, settlements and infrastructure facilities are studied. environmental risks caused by meteorological hazards and protective measures aimed at reducing them are explained.

    • • explains the formation characteristics of hurricanes, thunderstorms and tornadoes. • determines the impact of meteorological hazards on ecosystems. • evaluates the effectiveness of protection measures. • analyzes meteorological risk management methods.
12. 12.
    Lecture 12. winter natural hazards - impact of winter disasters on ecosystems and protection measuresLecture

    In this topic, the impact of winter natural phenomena such as heavy snowfall, icing, blizzard and avalanche on ecosystems, biodiversity and economic activity is studied. measures implemented in the direction of reducing the consequences of winter disasters and ensuring environmental safety are explained.

    • • explains natural hazards of a winter nature. • identifies the environmental impacts of snow, ice and avalanches. • evaluates risk mitigation measures. • analyzes the ecological consequences of winter disasters.
13. 13.
    Lecture 13. floods and man-made hazards - impact of floods on water resources and management strategiesLecture

    In this topic, the causes of floods, their impact on water resources and water ecosystems, as well as flood risk management strategies are studied. flood prevention, damage reduction and adaptive management approaches are explained.

    • • explains the causes of floods. • determines the impact of floods on water resources. • evaluates flood risk management strategies. • analyzes adaptive management approaches.
14. 14.
    Lecture 14. floods and man-made hazards - environmental damage caused by industrial accidents and environmental restoration after man-made disastersLecture

    In this topic, environmental damage caused by industrial accidents and man-made disasters, environmental risks and methods of restoring ecosystems after the disaster are studied. the principles of developing environmental rehabilitation and restoration programs are explained.

    • • explains the impact of man-made disasters on the environment. • determines the main directions of environmental damage. • evaluates environmental restoration measures. • analyzes the implementation of rehabilitation programs.
15. 15.
    Lecture 15. industrial accidents and environmental safety - post-accident environmental pollution and protection measures in industrial facilitiesLecture

    In this topic, environmental pollution characteristics, spread of pollutants and their impact on ecosystems are studied after accidents in industrial facilities. the principles of planning post-accident environmental monitoring, protection and recovery measures are explained.

    • • explains the characteristics of post-accident environmental pollution. • identifies the mechanisms of spread of pollutants. • evaluates security measures. • analyzes environmental monitoring and restoration measures.
16. 16.
    Lecture 16. chemical and radiation hazards - environmental pollution due to oil spills and chemical accidentsLecture

    In this topic, environmental pollution caused by oil spills and chemical accidents, distribution characteristics of pollutants and their impact on ecosystems are studied. chemical pollution prevention, harm reduction and environmental safety measures are explained.

    • • explains the causes of oil spills and chemical accidents. • determines the effect of chemical pollutants on the environment. • evaluates environmental risk mitigation measures. • analyzes chemical pollution control methods.
17. 17.
    Lecture 17. chemical and radiation hazards - effects of radiation accidents on ecosystems and protective measuresLecture

    In this topic, the causes of radiation accidents, the impact of ionizing radiation on ecosystems, living organisms and human health are studied. radiation hazard prevention, monitoring and protection measures are explained.

    • • explains the characteristics of radiation accidents. • determines the effect of radiation on ecosystems. • evaluates radiation protection measures. • analyzes radiation risk management approaches.
18. 18.
    Lecture 18. oil pollution and ecosystems - effects of oil spills on marine and coastal ecosystems and recovery methodsLecture

    In this topic, the impact of oil spills on marine and coastal ecosystems, the destruction of biodiversity and methods of ecological restoration are studied. cleanup of polluted areas, restoration of ecosystems and modern reclamation methods are explained.

    • • explains the impact of oil spills on marine ecosystems. • identifies changes occurring in coastal ecosystems. • evaluates ecological restoration methods. • analyzes the application of reclamation measures.
19. 19.
    Lecture 19. environmental safety - methods of reducing and cleaning industrial wasteLecture

    In this topic, the sources of industrial waste generation, their reduction, recycling and cleaning methods are studied. modern waste management technologies and their role in environmental protection are explained.

    • • explains the main sources of industrial waste. • identifies waste reduction methods. • evaluates the efficiency of cleaning technologies. • analyzes waste management approaches.
20. 20.
    Lecture 20. environmental security - environmental security policies and strategiesLecture

    In this topic, the main directions of environmental security policy, national and international strategies, environmental risk management and sustainable development principles are studied. strategic planning and management approaches in the field of environmental protection are explained.

    • • explains environmental safety policies. • differentiate between national and international strategies. • evaluates environmental risk management approaches. • analyzes strategic environmental planning.
21. 21.
    Lecture 21. sustainable development and environmental management - impact of global warming and climate change on biodiversity lossLecture

    In this topic, the impact of global warming and climate change on biodiversity, stability of ecosystems and natural resources is studied. the ecological consequences of climate change, the risk of species extinction and adaptation measures aimed at protecting biodiversity are explained.

    • • explains the impact of global warming on biodiversity. • identifies changes caused by climate change in ecosystems. • evaluates adaptation measures in the direction of biodiversity protection. • justifies climate risk mitigation approaches.
22. 22.
    Lecture 22. sustainable development and environmental management - environmental balance protection and development strategies for sustainable developmentLecture

    In this topic, the concept of sustainable development, the principles of protecting the ecological balance and the strategies of efficient use of natural resources are studied. sustainable development goals, ecological management and modern approaches to environmental protection are explained.

    • • explains the principles of sustainable development. • determines ways to protect ecological balance. • evaluates sustainable development strategies. • justifies development directions for environmental management.
23. 23.
    Lecture 23. sustainable development and environmental management - environmental emergency planning and responseLecture

    In this topic, the principles of environmental protection planning, operational response measures and the organization of recovery activities during emergency situations are studied. modern approaches to risk management, emergency preparedness and environmental security are explained.

    • • explains the basic principles of emergency environmental planning. • determines operational response measures. • evaluates risk management action plans. • justifies a set of measures aimed at environmental protection.
24. 24.
    Workshop 1. fundamentals of emergency situations and environmental protection - classification of emergency situations and environmental impactsSeminar

    Within the framework of this seminar, the classification of emergency situations, the characteristics of their occurrence and their effects on the environment are studied on the basis of practical examples. environmental consequences of various types of emergencies are analyzed and approaches to their prevention are discussed.

    • • distinguishes the main types of emergencies. • identifies the environmental impacts of various emergency situations. • assesses environmental consequences. • analyzes risk mitigation measures.
25. 25.
    Workshop 2. fundamentals of emergency situations and environmental protection - risk assessment methods in emergency situationsSeminar

    Within the framework of this seminar, methods of identifying, evaluating and managing risks in emergency situations are studied. the main stages of risk analysis and their practical application are examined on the basis of examples.

    • • explains risk assessment methods. • identifies risk factors. • assesses the level of risk. • analyzes risk management measures.
26. 26.
    Workshop 3. environmental pollution - assessment of damage to ecosystemsSeminar

    This seminar is dedicated to determining the level of damage to ecosystems, evaluating ecological indicators and analyzing anthropogenic impacts. assessment methods for different ecosystems are studied on the basis of practical examples.

    • • assesses the state of ecosystems. • identifies factors that cause injury. • analyzes environmental indicators. • justifies recovery measures.
27. 27.
    Workshop 4. natural disasters and ecosystems - analysis of the impact of fires on the environmentSeminar

    This workshop is devoted to environmental impact assessment of forest and other fires. the effects of fires on the atmosphere, soil, water resources and biodiversity are analyzed based on practical examples.

    • • identifies the ecological effects of fires. • analyzes changes caused by fire. • assesses environmental damage. • justifies fire prevention measures.
28. 28.
    Seminar 5. natural disasters and ecosystems - researching the ecological consequences of natural disastersSeminar

    This seminar is dedicated to the comprehensive examination of the impact of natural disasters on ecosystems, biodiversity and natural resources. students analyze the ecological consequences of various natural disasters in a comparative manner.

    • • determines the environmental consequences of natural disasters. • compares different types of disasters. • assesses environmental risks. • proposes measures for the protection of ecosystems.
29. 29.
    Workshop 6. floods and man-made hazards - man-made disasters and industrial pollutionSeminar

    In this seminar, the causes of man-made disasters, the main sources of industrial pollution and their impact on the environment are studied. the environmental consequences of industrial accidents and the measures taken to eliminate them are analyzed on the basis of practical examples.

    • • determines the main causes of man-made disasters. • analyzes sources of industrial pollution. • assesses environmental consequences. • justifies pollution prevention measures.
30. 30.
    Workshop 7. biological hazards and the environment - environmental effects of infectious diseasesSeminar

    This seminar is devoted to the study of the interaction of infectious diseases with the environment. the impact of biological threats on ecosystems and human health, environmental factors that cause their spread are analyzed from a practical point of view.

    • • identifies the environmental effects of infectious diseases. • analyzes biological risk factors. • evaluates preventive measures. • develops proposals for biological hazard management.
31. 31.
    Seminar 8. geodynamic and meteorological hazards - causes and consequences of landslidesSeminar

    This seminar is dedicated to the study of the causes of landslides, their development characteristics and their impact on the environment. measures aimed at preventing landslides and ensuring environmental safety are examined on the basis of practical examples.

    • • determines the causes of landslides. • analyzes environmental consequences. • evaluates risk mitigation measures. • prepares proposals for protection measures.
32. 32.
    Workshop 9. sustainable development and environmental management - global environmental problems and emergenciesSeminar

    This seminar is dedicated to the study of the interaction of global environmental problems and emergencies. the effects of climate change, biodiversity loss and other global issues on the emergence of emergencies are analyzed based on practical examples.

    • • identifies global environmental problems. • analyzes interactions with emergencies. • assesses environmental risks. • justifies sustainable solutions.
33. 33.
    Workshop 11. oil pollution and ecosystems - oil pollution and its impact on ecosystemsSeminar

    Within the framework of this seminar, the impact of oil pollution on marine, coastal and terrestrial ecosystems, the disruption of biodiversity and the change in ecological balance are studied. approaches applied in the direction of eliminating the consequences of oil pollution and restoring ecosystems are analyzed on the basis of practical examples.

    • • identifies the main sources of oil pollution. • analyzes the impact of oil spills on ecosystems. • assesses environmental damage. • prepares proposals for recovery measures.
34. 34.
    Seminar 12. environmental safety - protection of the environment from industrial pollutantsSeminar

    This seminar is devoted to the assessment of the impact of industrial pollutants on the environment and the study of methods of their prevention. modern cleaning technologies, environmental monitoring and protection measures are examined from a practical point of view.

    • • identifies industrial pollutants. • analyzes the impact of pollutants on the environment. • evaluates the effectiveness of protection measures. • proposes pollution reduction solutions.
35. 35.
    Workshop 13. sustainable development and environmental management - analysis of ecology and sustainable developmentSeminar

    This seminar is dedicated to the study of the interaction between the principles of ecology and sustainable development. modern approaches in the direction of effective use of natural resources, protection of ecological balance and implementation of sustainable development goals are analyzed.

    • • analyzes the principles of sustainable development. • determines ways to protect ecological balance. • evaluates sustainable development strategies. • develops proposals for improving environmental management.
36. 36.
    Klassik dövlətçilik dövrünün başlanmasıSeminar

    Klassik dövlətçilik dövrünün başlanması azərbaycan tarixində mərkəzləşmiş idarəetmə sisteminin formalaşması ilə səciyyələnən mühüm mərhələdir. bu dövrdə dövlət hakimiyyəti güclənmiş, inzibati idarəetmə və hüquqi institutlar inkişaf etmişdir. eyni zamanda, vergi, hərbi və idarəetmə mexanizmləri daha təkmil şəkildə təşkil olunmuşdur. mövzu klassik dövlətçilik ənənələrinin yaranma səbəblərini və onların inkişaf xüsusiyyətlərini öyrənməyə imkan verir. bu mərhələnin tədqiqi azərbaycan dövlətçilik tarixinin inkişaf prosesini və milli idarəçilik ənənələrinin əsaslarını anlamaq baxımından mühüm əhəmiyyət daşıyır.

    • • ftn1: azərbaycan tarixinin dövrlərinin əsas mahiyyəti izah edilir.
    • • ftn2: azərbaycan tarixi üzrə bəzi mübahisəli məsələlərə aydınlıq gətirilir.
    • • ftn4: tələbələrin ən azından minimum məlumat əldə etməsi, mövzular ətrafında öz fikrinin formalaşmasının səviyyəsi yoxlanılır.
    • • ftn3: tələbələrin bu və ya digər məsələlərlə bağlı obyektiv mövqeyini formalaşmasına nail olunur.
    • • ftn5: tələbələrə qədim tariximizin müasir dövrlə uzlaşdırılması vərdişləri aşılanır.
37. 37.
    Workshop 15. industrial accidents and environmental safety - risk management in fire and explosion hazardous facilitiesSeminar

    This seminar is dedicated to studying the principles of risk identification, assessment and management in fire and explosion hazardous facilities. modern approaches to risk reduction, emergency preparedness and environmental security are analyzed from a practical point of view.

    • • identifies risk factors. • analyzes fire and explosion hazards. • evaluates risk management measures. • prepares proposals for ensuring environmental safety.

1. Aliyev a. emergencies and human safety, baku, "science and education" publishing house, 2022, 320 pages.
2. United group of the united nations surrounding wednesday / ukgv. guide to emergency environmental situations. published in switzerland in 2017. 47 str.(opens in a new tab)
3. Aliyev a. emergencies and human safety, baku, "science and education" publishing house, 2022, 320 pages.
4. Guliyev t. environmental security: researches and experiences, baku, "sharq" publishing house, 2021, 270 pages.
5. Lechner m.k. disasters and environmental change: managing risk and improving resilience, publisher: cambridge university press, 2022, 380 pp.