Network Monitoring SystemsMövzu planı

This topic introduces the objectives and fundamental principles of network monitoring and its role in managing information technology infrastructure. It examines the continuous monitoring of network traffic, devices, services, and connections, the verification of network resource availability, and the identification of potential problems. Key concepts such as monitoring, observability, latency, throughput, packet loss, and availability are also explained. The topic helps students understand the basic principles of network monitoring and develop the ability to perform preliminary analysis of monitoring data.

This topic examines the architecture of network monitoring systems, their main components, and the relationships between them. The functions of monitoring agents, data collectors, central servers, databases, analysis modules, and alerting mechanisms are explored. Centralized and distributed monitoring architectures are compared, including the principles of data transmission, storage, and processing. The topic also addresses monitoring infrastructure scalability, fault tolerance, and integration with other systems.

This topic examines the operating principles of major protocols used in computer networks and the methods employed to monitor them. The operation of TCP/IP, UDP, ICMP, DNS, DHCP, HTTP/HTTPS, and other protocols is explored, including packet exchange and connection establishment mechanisms. Methods for identifying protocol-level delays, connection errors, failed requests, and suspicious communication patterns are discussed. Students develop the ability to analyze protocol behavior and identify the causes of network problems.

This topic examines the methods and technologies used to collect, store, and analyze network traffic. Packet capture, traffic flow recording, packet header and protocol data analysis, and the identification of network communication patterns are explored. The use of tools such as Wireshark, tcpdump, and NetFlow/IPFIX is discussed, along with the comparison of traffic patterns and the detection of abnormal connections and excessive resource consumption. The capabilities and limitations of analyzing encrypted traffic are also explained.

This topic examines the operating principles of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and its use in centralized network device monitoring. SNMP manager and agent components, Management Information Base (MIB) structures, Object Identifiers (OIDs), SNMP requests, and trap notifications are explored. Methods for monitoring CPU utilization, memory usage, interface status, and traffic statistics on switches, routers, servers, and other network devices are discussed. The topic also covers authentication and data confidentiality through SNMPv3, access control, and the protection of monitoring data.

This topic examines network infrastructure performance metrics and the methods used to measure them. Key indicators such as latency, jitter, throughput, packet loss, connection availability, and resource utilization are explored. Methods for identifying performance problems, comparing results against baseline measurements, detecting bottlenecks, and evaluating Quality of Service (QoS) are discussed. The topic also covers the establishment of performance thresholds, configuration of alerts, and principles for optimizing network resources.

This topic examines the principles of collecting and managing log data from network devices, servers, operating systems, and applications. Log centralization, format normalization, timestamp synchronization, data retention, and search mechanisms are explored. The use of the Syslog protocol, log filtering, event categorization, and the creation of alerting rules are discussed. The topic also addresses log integrity, access control, and the determination of appropriate log retention periods.

This topic examines methods for presenting network monitoring results through graphs, charts, maps, and interactive dashboards. Time-series visualization, tracking traffic changes, comparing performance metrics, and representing network topology are explored. The principles of dashboard design, selection of monitoring metrics, visual presentation of alert thresholds, and timely data analysis are discussed. Students develop the ability to present monitoring data in an understandable format and make informed decisions based on visual indicators.

This topic examines continuous network security monitoring and methods for detecting security incidents and analyzing suspicious activity. The identification of anomalous network behavior, unauthorized connections, port scans, suspicious data transfers, and potential indicators of cyberattacks is explored. The analysis of firewall logs, authentication records, network flows, and other monitoring sources is discussed. The topic also covers security alert prioritization, preliminary incident assessment, and the use of monitoring results in incident response processes.

This topic examines the architecture, operating principles, and role of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) in network security. Network-based and host-based IDS/IPS solutions, as well as signature-based and anomaly-based detection methods, are explored. The identification of suspicious traffic patterns, application of attack signatures, configuration of detection rules, and automated blocking mechanisms are discussed. The topic also analyzes false positives, false negatives, the impact of these systems on performance, and the optimization of detection rules.

This topic examines the operating principles and architecture of Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) systems and their application in monitoring processes. The collection, normalization, indexing, and centralized analysis of logs from multiple sources are explored. Security event correlation, rule-based detection, anomaly identification, alert generation, and incident prioritization mechanisms are discussed. Students develop the ability to identify relationships between different events using SIEM systems, detect suspicious activities, and analyze security incidents.

This topic examines methods for identifying deviations from normal network behavior and analyzing their possible causes. Anomalies such as sudden increases in traffic volume, unusual connections, packet loss, changes in latency, and unexpected protocol behavior are explored. The application of statistical analysis, threshold-based detection, behavioral models, and machine learning techniques is discussed. The topic also addresses distinguishing network failures from security threats, reducing false alerts, and identifying the root causes of anomalies.

This topic examines the principles of organizing monitoring, collecting data, and tracking security metrics in cloud infrastructures and virtualized networks. The monitoring of virtual machines, containers, virtual switches, cloud networks, and distributed services is explored. Cloud platform monitoring services, telemetry data, API-based data collection, and log centralization across different environments are discussed. The topic also covers monitoring dynamic infrastructure, evaluating resource utilization, tracking access events, and detecting security risks in cloud environments.

This topic examines modern software tools and platforms used for network monitoring and their functional capabilities. The purposes, architectures, and application areas of Zabbix, Nagios, PRTG, Prometheus, Grafana, Wireshark, and other monitoring tools are compared. The establishment of monitoring infrastructure, selection of metrics, development of alerting rules, report generation, and automation of monitoring processes are explored. Emerging trends, including AI-based monitoring, predictive analytics, observability platforms, cloud-based solutions, and AIOps approaches, are also discussed.

This topic consolidates the theoretical foundations of network monitoring, architectural components, protocol and traffic analysis, performance evaluation, and security monitoring methods covered throughout the course. Students' knowledge and skills in using monitoring tools, analyzing logs, detecting network anomalies, and evaluating security incidents are assessed. The results of practical assignments and individual projects are discussed, and students' ability to justify decisions related to the design and implementation of monitoring systems is evaluated. The final assessment determines students' ability to select and configure network monitoring systems, analyze monitoring data, and recommend appropriate solutions to improve network reliability and security.