Fundamentals of CryptographySyllabus

Subject code

MM-1403-EN

Credits

6

Student workload

50

Semester

Autumn semester

Academic year

1

Subject type

Mandatory

Form of education

Full-time

Language of instruction

English

In-class hours

a) 30 hours – Lectures; b) 15 hours – Seminars

Out-of-class hours

a) 50 hours – Independent Study

The course Fundamentals of Cryptography focuses on the study of the theoretical foundations of cryptography and modern cryptographic methods and algorithms. The course covers classical and modern encryption techniques, symmetric and asymmetric cryptosystems, public-key cryptography, digital signatures, cryptographic hash functions, and cryptographic protocols. It also examines the operating principles of major cryptographic algorithms, including DES, AES, and RSA, as well as key management, authentication, and methods for ensuring data security. The course develops students' theoretical knowledge and practical skills in applying cryptographic methods and ensuring information security.

• lecture
• seminar
• interactive discussion

1. 1

   CLO 1: Explain the fundamental principles of cryptography and the operating mechanisms of symmetric and asymmetric encryption.

2. 2

   CLO 2: Apply mathematical algorithms and cryptographic protocols to ensure data confidentiality and integrity.

3. 3

   CLO 3: Analyze cryptanalysis methods to identify weaknesses in encryption systems and security protocols.

4. 4

   CLO 4: Interpret the results of practical tests of cryptographic algorithms and security audits, and prepare technical reports

5. 5

   CLO 5: Develop and present a secure software solution or cryptographic project as part of a team.

1. 1.
   Fundamental concepts of cryptographyLecture

   This topic introduces the fundamental concepts, objectives, and principles of cryptography. it examines plaintext and ciphertext, keys, encryption and decryption, as well as the principles of ensuring information confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity.

2. 2.
   Classical ciphersLecture

   This topic examines classical encryption techniques, including substitution and transposition ciphers. it explores their construction principles, application characteristics, cryptanalysis methods, and major limitations.

3. 3.
   Stream ciphersLecture

   This topic covers the operating principles of stream ciphers and methods for generating keystreams. it examines data encryption and decryption processes, the application characteristics of stream ciphers, and requirements for key material.

4. 4.
   Block ciphersLecture

   This topic introduces the fundamental principles of block encryption and the processing of data in fixed-length blocks. it examines block cipher structures, modes of operation, and key requirements for cryptographic security.

5. 5.
   Data encryption standard (des)Lecture

   This topic examines the structure and operating principles of the DES algorithm. it covers encryption and decryption stages, the round structure, key scheduling, and the main characteristics of the algorithm.

6. 6.
   Advanced encryption standard (aes)Lecture

   This topic explores the structure and operating principles of the AES standard. it examines the main data transformation stages, operations performed on blocks and keys, the round structure, modes of operation, and the characteristics of cryptographic protection.

7. 7.
   Public-key cryptographyLecture

   This topic introduces the principles of asymmetric cryptography and its differences from symmetric cryptography. it examines public and private keys, the key distribution problem, and the main application areas of public-key cryptography.

8. 8.
   Rsa cryptosystemLecture

   This topic examines the mathematical foundations and operating principles of the RSA cryptosystem. it covers key generation, data encryption and decryption, and the fundamental security principles of rsa.

9. 9.
   Cryptosystems based on the discrete logarithm problemLecture

   This topic explores cryptosystems based on the computational complexity of the discrete logarithm problem. it examines the mathematical foundations of operations in finite groups and the application of the discrete logarithm problem in cryptographic protocols

10. 10.
    Digital signature schemesLecture

    This topic examines the purpose and fundamental principles of digital signatures. it covers signature generation and verification, the requirements for digital signature schemes, and their application in ensuring the authenticity and integrity of electronic data.

11. 11.
    Cryptographic hash functionsLecture

    This topic introduces cryptographic hash functions and their fundamental properties. it examines security requirements, collision resistance, preimage resistance, and the applications of hash functions in information security.

12. 12.
    Sha-1 hash functionLecture

    This topic examines the structure and operating principles of the sha-1 algorithm. it covers input data processing, hash value generation, and the algorithm's application in cryptographic systems. the limitations of sha-1 in terms of modern cryptographic security are also discussed.

13. 13.
    Cryptographic protocolsLecture

    This topic introduces the concept, purpose, and fundamental principles of cryptographic protocols. it examines secure data exchange, key distribution, interactions between protocol participants, and the security requirements applicable to cryptographic protocols.

14. 14.
    Authentication protocolsLecture

    This topic examines methods for verifying the identities of participants in information exchange. it covers the main types of authentication protocols, the use of cryptographic keys, random numbers, and other mechanisms, as well as protection principles against various attacks.

15. 15.
    . cryptocurrency and blockchainLecture

    This topic introduces the fundamental concepts and principles of cryptocurrency and blockchain technologies. it examines blockchain network architecture, blocks and transactions, transaction validation mechanisms, the use of cryptographic methods to protect data, and the operating principles of decentralized systems

1. Aliquliyev, r. m., and imamverdiyev, y. n. fundamentals of cryptography. baku: information technologies publishing house, 2006, 698 pages.
2. Van tilborg, henk c. a. fundamentals of cryptology: a professional reference and interactive tutorial. eindhoven university of technology, the netherlands, 2024, 503 pages.
3. Imamverdiyev, y. n. “blockchain technologies.” problems of the information society, baku, 2019, no. 2, pp. 18–32.